Improv Terms

GLOSSARY OF TERMS & CONCEPTS


IMPROVISATION requires actors spontaneously create a monologue, scene, or play without a script. In some cases, like Jazz improvisation, actors will take a theme or suggestion to develop new work. IN addition to being a performance art, Improv is also a great tool to develop original comedy, theater and music.

PLAYERS In Improv we call performers, “PLAYERS”. Improv is like a team sport. We rehearse moves but are always playing the game of WHAT IF.

MOVES Like a game, every statement is a player’s MOVE. A scene therefore becomes a series of MOVES.

OFFERS Details and/or actions that forward the scene.

YES AND… Rule Number One: “YES AND”. Rule Number Two: When in doubt refer to rule number one. Accept your scene partner’s offer and then advance the scene with your next response; Agree with every offer; then, respond with detailed offers that build and support your fellow players offers. Conceptual NOs and BUTs stop the action. Beginning students often go for the joke or sell out their partner by negating offers, thus bringing scenes to a screeching halt.

GIVE & TAKE Improvised dialogue going back and fourth between the players with a balance exchange of ideas. AVOID Questions, blocking.

IN THE MOMENT Be prepared, Listen and focus on the current moment. Listen and Respond to your scene partners. Planning ahead takes you out of the moment resulting in many missed opportunities and often leading to forcing your concept of the scene and negating or selling out your fellow players. Be flexible enough to move with the scene.

PANTOMIME – ALSO MIME WORK - Use your space and define your environments, characters and actions using physical gestures and committing to the scene head to toe. Avoid being a talking head. Physical activities and choices take us “out of our heads” and help keep us “IN THE MOMENT”. Endow imaginary objects with true weight and size. See it and breathe it and believe it. Your audience will play along.

CONFLICT GOOD / ARGUING BAD The best comedy and drama both derive from great conflict. The worst (with rare exceptions) comes from bickering back and forth minute details. In Improvisational Theater, arguing details becomes petty. Rather than demanding “I’m Right” try and solve the conflict.

BIG CHOICES / BIG VOICES and MAKE BIG MISTAKES Mantras of EIGHT IS NEVER ENOUGH producer, Walt Frasier (www.waltfrasier.com). Take chances. Don’t wimp out. Don’t be afraid to fail. Big choices lead to forward moving scenes (AS long as they do not BLOCK your partner) Big mistakes lead to big rewards. Justified BIG MISTAKES lead to outrageous results. Big mistakes are noticed and learned from. Not being afraid to make BIG MISTAKES leads to many more successful choices. Fall seven times and get up eight. Soon enough you will realize there are no wrong answers or mistakes at all.

BLOCKING Rejecting information or ideas offered by another player. One of the most common problems experienced by new improvisers. Avoid words negative words – NO, DON’T, CAN’T, WON’T, BUT…. These words will get you in trouble and usually lead to blocks. Always think YES AND….

QUESTIONS Rephrase questions as a detailed statement (Answer your own question). Most questions are usually a sign of players overly relying on their scene partners to carry a scene. “What is that?” should be something like “That is a very exquisite flower you have there.” / “Where are we?” could be “It sure is cold in this apartment.”

ASK FOR is a question or statement posed to the audience looking for a suggestion for scene topic.

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NOTE: Improv Theater and Comedy training is a must for every performer but also valuable to countless other professionals. EIGHT IS NEVER ENOUGH and other companies help numerous professionals develop better sales, service, communication, leadership and public speaking skills. Team Building workshops and shows have been performed for teachers, doctors, top corporate executives (Morgan Stanley, Johnson & Johnson, AMEX etc) and even insurance adjusters from Medicare. In every field, great ability to communicate, think creatively and think on one’s feet enhances your chances to succeed.

See some great Improv LIVE in NYC today http://www.eightimprov.biz/
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More terms from http://www.improvcomedy.org/glossary.html

Accepting

Embracing the offers made by other performers in order to advance the scene.

Advancing

The process of moving the scene forwards.

Ask-for

The question asked of the audience in order to start a scene.



Beat

A unit of action in a scene. A scene is made up of a series of beats.



Blocking

Rejecting information or ideas offered by another player. One of the most common problems experienced by new improvisors. In conventional theatre, the term is used to mean something different (pre-planned stage movement).



Breaking the routine

Interrupting an action with another action in order to advance the scene.



Cancelling

Making previous action irrelevant. Once an action has been cancelled, it's as if it hadn't happened at all. Usually a bad idea.



Charm

The quality that makes an audience enjoy watching a performer.



Commenting

Stepping out of the reality of the scene by saying or doing something that refers to the fact that it's a scene being played. Also refers to "playing" an emotion rather than feeling it. Should be avoided, though used sparingly it can sometimes be effective.



Complementary offer

An offer that meshes well with what's already gone before (and usually enhances it in some way).



Conflict

Many (but not all!) scenes are about a conflict of some sort. If there's no conflict, the scene may still be truthful but somewhat dull.



Context

The broader setting for the scene (political, social, etc).



Corpse

To break up laughing while playing a scene. Usually not a good thing to do.



Denial

See "blocking".



Driving

Taking over a scene and not letting other performers influence its direction. Makes you an unpopular improvisor.



Endowing

Assigning attributes to another performer's character.



Explore and heighten

To take an idea and see where it leads, exploring its natrual consequences while simultaneously raising the stakes.



Extending

Taking an idea and letting it become the central theme of the scene.



Focus

The audience's attention should only be in one place at any given time; that place (or person) is the "focus" of the scene. If more than one thing is going on simultaneously, the focus is split. Experienced improvisors will smoothly share focus, less experienced improvisors often steal or reject focus.



Gagging

Trying to make a joke or do something funny that doesn't flow naturally from the scene. Always a bad idea.



Gibberish

A nonsense language.



Gossip

Talking about things instead of doing them. Also, talking about things that are offstage or in the past or future.



Handle

The premise for a scene or game.



Hedging

Making smalltalk instead of engaging in action.



Information overload

Introducing too much information into the scene, making it difficult or impossible to ever find a satisfying ending that resolves everything.



Instant trouble

Making an offer that introduces a problem or conflict but that doesn't relate to the narrative of the scene prior to that point (see "Offer from space").



Interactive Theatre

Any form of theatre in which the audience is not a passive performer. Encompasses a range of different styles, ranging from "spot" improv to loosely-scripted stories such as murder mysteries or faux events (e.g. Tony and Tina's Wedding).



Masking

Standing in a place where you can't be seen properly, or in such a way that you're hiding someone else or some important action. Should be avoided.



Mugging

Making silly faces instead of reacting truthfully. Generally frowned upon.



Naming

Identifying characters, objects, places and so forth in the scene.



Narrative

The story told by a scene. Scenes should have a clear beginning, middle and end.



Objective

The thing that a character in a scene is trying to achieve.



Offer

Any dialog or action which advances the scene. Offers should be accepted.



Offer from space

Dialog or action that is bizarre and that appears to come from nowhere.



Physicalization

Turning intent into action and movement.



Point of Concentration

What the scene is about.



Post-show

Discussion of the show by the performers and crew after the performance, in order to identify problem areas that may have arisen as well as things that worked particularly well.



Plateau

A period during which a scene is not advancing. Usually a bad thing.



Platform

The who, what and where of a scene. The success of a scene often depends on having a solid platform.



Playlist

The list of handles and/or ask-fors to be used in a show. Also called a "running order".



Pimping

Playfully getting another performer to do something difficult or unpleasant which you probably wouldn't do yourself. Used sparingly, can be quite entertaining. Best strategry is to choose things the other performer does well.



Raising the stakes

Making the events of the scene have greater consequences for the characters. One technique for advancing.



Reincorporation

Bringing back an idea from earlier in the scene, or from a previous scene in the show, or even from a previous performance. Stand-up comedians refer to this as a "callback". Always fun, but not something to over-do.



Running order

See "Playlist".



Setup

Explaining the handle of the scene to the audience before the scene starts. Also involves doing an ask-for. The performer who does the setup usually shouldn't start off on stage in the scene.



Shelving

Acknowledging an offer but not doing anything with it, with the intent of using it later. Of course, later never comes.



Space-object

An object that's used in the scene but which doesn't really exist. A mimed object. In general, anything that doesn't support weight (like a chair) should be a space object.



Status

A character's sense of self-worth. Many scenes are built around status transfers, in which one character's status drops while another's rises. Physical environments and objects also have status.



Stepping out

Breaking the reality of the scene. See "Commenting".



Synthesis

Combining two dissimilar ideas into one, such as hearing two suggestions from the audience and combining them into a single idea that gets used in the scene. Can be fun.



Talking heads

A scene that involves a lot of standing (or worse yet, sitting) around talking rather than engaging in physical action.



Transformation

Turning something into something else (one character into another, one object into another, one environment into another).



Tummeling

Bantering with the audience during setups.



Uber-mime

Overly elaborate mime that's so detailed as to be hard to follow.



Waffling

Failing to make decisions. Talking about what you're going to do instead of doing it.



Walk-on (or Walk-through)

The act of entering a scene, making a strong offer that advances the scene, and then exiting. Use sparingly.



Wanking

Doing something cute and silly that makes the audience laugh but doesn't do anything to advance the scene. Very annoying for the other improvisors.



Wimping

Accepting an offer but failing to act on it.